Let's get started with the next presentation.
By Javier Martín Arista.
It's an honour to introduce Javier Martín Arista.
because he was my Doctorate Supervisor
and if it wasn't for him I wouldn't be here today so
I could tell you many things but I'll quickly introduce
his professional and academic career.
He's a Professor of English Linguistics at University of La Rioja.
His main research lines are
Functional Grammars and English Historical Linguistics.
He's been visiting researcher at the universities
of Sheffield, Pennsylvania, Buffalo, Amsterdam and Toronto.
Co-editor of manuals such as Nuevas Perspectivas en Gramática Funcional
Lingüística Histórica Inglesa and Deconstructing Constructions.
He's author of numerous articles in prestigious magazines such as
Language Science, Functions of Language, English Studies
Language and Linguistics and Studia Neophilologica.
And now, he'll talk about the semantic web.
You may start whenever you're ready.
Well, thank you Ana for your kind presentation.
First, I would like to thank the department and the university
for giving me the opportunity to participate in this seminar
and to be part of the teaching team in this project
an innovative and exciting Master's Degree.
I'll briefly introduce
the contents of this subject coordinated by Ana Ibáñez and myself
developing and researching the semantic web
in particular, lexical and ontological databases
and three dimensional linguistic representation.
Let's revise the components and protocols of the semantic web.
These are the main contents and activities
of the subject with the same name
this will be a presentation
of some databases with these characteristics.
Ontological or rather three dimensional. All of them related
to a research project at University of La Rioja.
We are all aware of
the most important innovation of the new internet.
It's the idea that the information needs to be presented in a significant way
we need a better communication between human users and computers
in order for them to be able to work in a more coordinated and collaborative way
more than in the previous version of the internet.
In such way, we have been thinking about a combination
of knowledge databases with inferential engines
which ultimately, are tools intended for logical processing
with well-known components
such as Mark-up Languages, resource description
and ontologies.
Starting with the Mark-up Language which stands
for an evolution of hypertext HTML language
and it's a set of rules
to design formats in order to structure data
in a way that the web may contribute and interpret its meaning.
All the resources and Internet content can be tagged as resources.
They are referenced by means of a resource description framework
with properties and sentences or triplas.
This is a term which is probably
not very compatible with Spanish, but
it's a sort of an
Aristotelian usage, subjects and predicates.
These ontologies, which are specifications
and structurations of our knowledge
in a systematic way
and consists of elements,
relations between those elements and sets of rules.
With three main types, perhaps even four types
depending on the degree of formalism of our language. Natural language
RDF, or, in the case of ontologies absolutely formalised
with a logical metalanguage.
So, with these components and this central idea
of "producing a more meaningful internet"
we lay the foundations of our research on two components
which are key for this new generation internet
One is the lexical database. The other, three dimensional representation.
when we started this lexical database, the first thing we systematized was
in this ontology, what the elements are
what the relations and what the rules of combination are.
Then we created a map
at first just a formal derivational map and then a semantic map
implemented with the help of graph theory
in a three dimensional dynamic visualizer.
This one is in 2D but the object itself
can be manipulated by the user and
it can be moved or we can focus on the
aspect that stands out or the part
of the paradigm that interests the user.
Graph theory is fundamental.
Several options of visualization for these 3D databases.
It's made with XGLORE
a piece of open source software that any user can download.
We have the graphs and derivation paradigms
to download, visualize and manipulate with this programme.
We have our own search engine. One of the most important components
of the semantic web. We allow access to information with specific applications.
And we have created our own applications
which are available, not public yet but
we hope that they will be soon.
This is a specific application intended to put words in order
either from the left side or the right side
which is really useful when doing lexicographical work
not only in search of prefixes but suffixes also
and we want words in order as in this "Mirror".
We also have a concordance
related to textual occurrences.
This is based on the Toronto Old English Corpus
the standard corpus in the discipline, at the moment,
and to give you an idea
fragmentally, we are talking about 300,000 registers.
The university hosts this contents
in a Firemail server with almost instantaneous search.
This is a lemmatizer. There are about 190,000 registers
and it's a lemmatizer
the morphological base, category and morphological class are given
to the textual occurrences in the corpus.
This is another related database with secondary sources this time.
The lexemes are on the left, and on the right we have
bibliographic references where this lexeme is featured.
All the bases are related.
Relating bases not only
makes compiling information easier for each field. No repetition
nor re-typing is needed, just to be clear.
We combine our sources automatically
We can also make an inside search, and search among relations.
A form of maximizing information taken from the database.
In conclusion and very quickly
lexical databases are versatile multifunctional and reusable.
They allow us to import and export data
they maximize information by means of computing fields
a technical term that we use to move information between fields
there are several search options available for free.
This is compatible with the systematic and hierarchical character of language.
And we have a series of options for web publication
All current databases allows web publication.
It seems a direct contact point with ontologies
and third generation internet
which was the topic of our talk. Thank you very much.
Well, we now have
five minutes for your questions.
Even five or ten minutes. If you have any query, any question...
I'd like to ask you... I'm curious about
the programme used for three dimensional representation...
-What's it called? -The name's XGLORE.
X-G-L-O-R-E
All the information is on the project's web.
-Just a minute. -And the web page is…
One second
All the information is right here.
- Both search engine and... 3D. -The 3D functions.
And also an explanation on how we achieved 3D.
If anyone of you is interested in this in the future
about anything related to lexicology and lexicography studies
this supporting documentation is a pretty good start
to get a general idea of the steps to follow
in a methodological way.
A study on lexicological derivation, interesting theoretical concepts.
Although the project has been created for Old English, it's applicable
to any study of derivation for any natural language.