[Music]
Hello, my name is Alejandro Rodríguez
Ascaso and I am a professor at the
Department of Artificial Intelligence at UNED.
This video is entitled "Accessibility of digital texts, second part".
In a previous video we have talked about important characteristics for
the accessibility of our texts, such as
font, size, contrast with the background, etc.
All these format characteristics are very important, but
we must also define them separately from our content.
That is, if we use HTML, the format must be defined in the
CSS style sheet. If we use a text processor, we must
use the styles available and modify them as we consider appropriate to
ensure that the accessibility requirements
we have mentioned before are met.
By separating content and format, we will have gained a lot.
From the point of view of accessibility, our readers will have it
much easier to adapt the style to best meet their needs.
We are now going to tell a clear case of success, the header styles.
We must select the text that corresponds to the title.
We apply, for example,
the "title1" style. If we use the title styles with their
different levels, we can automatically generate and update the
content table of our document. This content table can even give us
direct access by a simple click to any section of the document, which
helps any user, especially those who have mobility problems.
In addition, we allow the user of the screen reader to know the
structure of the document and can
navigate it, as in the following video.
Normally, in long documents it is very advisable to navigate
through the structure to specifically choose what you want.
The computer shows the list of section headers of the document.
[Computer reading text]
I am interested in what support products are.
[Computer reading text]
In HTML, the header structure is
achieved with the labels "h1", "h2", etc.
And it offers similar advantages to the ones we have just told.
Some people prefer to study by listening to the texts.
For this, the Daisy standard is a great invention.
When it comes to reading books, the format that is used by the person
who has a visual impairment is that of Daisy books.
These are books recorded in human voice.
In my case, the work is done by
the voice of the person who has a hearing impairment.
They consist of a series of files that
allow you to navigate through levels
to be able to locate the information more quickly.
It can be done either through a Daisy standard player or through.
a computer that allows you to insert the file into the computer.
There are a number of players that read it.
Carlos uses a keyboard shortcut to start Daisy.
He navigates through the book contents table.
[Computer reading text]
Daisy is also used to read and listen to texts at the same time.
It is very useful, for example, for people with dyslexia.
The question we now ask ourselves is,
"Can we, as authors, generate our own Daisy books?
" Yes, there are applications that allow it.
But if we or other people want to generate the Daisy book
from our texts, the most important thing is that we want to do it
by meeting the accessibility requirements that we have seen so far.
In summary, in this video on the accessibility of digital texts,
we have discussed the separation of content and format,
the use of header styles, the usefulness of Daisy.
Let us remember that in another video we discussed recommendations
on labeling the language, including a glossary,
making tables and lists accessible, the type
of font, its size, the contrast with the
background and the alignment of the text,
not using images to transmit text,
and how to include mathematical text.
Other important accessibility recommendations
that we are going to address now are.
the use of the easy reading technique
to make documents more understandable
for those people who have limitations to understand or remember,
and that some people have problems to understand the text by themselves
and need additional graphic information.
For this, pictograms are used.
We take this opportunity to tell you, until next time.
(Music)